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Researchers develop nanofilament that can break down dyes in wastewater using visible light

by News Staff
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Researchers at Drexel University’s College of Engineering, led by Dr. Michel Barsoum, have made an exciting discovery in addressing the issue of toxic dyes in wastewater. They have developed a one-dimensional, lepidocrocite structured titanium oxide photocatalyst material that can effectively break down common dye pollutants, such as rhodamine 6G and crystal violet, under visible light.

In just 30 minutes, this material reduces the concentrations of these dyes in water by 90% and 64%, respectively, when the catalyst-to-dye ratio is 1 to 1. This breakthrough has the potential to greatly improve wastewater treatment processes and reduce energy consumption.

The process involves adsorption, where the dye attaches to the nanofilament’s surface and undergoes photocatalysis when illuminated. The dye sensitizes the nanofilaments to visible light, accelerating degradation into harmless byproducts like carbon dioxide and water.

The study published in the journal Matter highlights the material’s ability to generate electron holes and various radicals, including hydroxyl, superoxide, and singlet oxygen, which play a crucial role in the degradation process.

Rhodamine 6G and crystal violet are commonly found in wastewater from industries like wood processing, paper dyeing, ink, and cosmetics. These water-soluble dyes pose environmental risks.

Wastewater is a significant global concern, with only 24% being adequately treated. Traditional methods are ineffective at removing dyes due to their complex structures and water-solubility. Even adsorption methods simply separate the dye from water but don’t eliminate it.

Most photocatalysts have been limited by their dependence on UV light, which is energy-intensive. The unique aspect of this nanofilament is its self-sensitization to visible light, reducing costs and energy consumption while effectively removing dyes.

The potential applications extend beyond wastewater treatment, including solar cells and optical devices.

This discovery not only promises cleaner water without additional toxins or energy usage but also opens up new possibilities for sustainable technology.

Source: Drexel University

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